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Packagehl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r5
Resource TypeStructureDefinition
IdStructureDefinition-ext-R4-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.json
FHIR VersionR5
Sourcehttp://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver-r4.r5/0.1.0/StructureDefinition-ext-R4-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.html
URLhttp://hl7.org/fhir/4.0/StructureDefinition/extension-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic
Version0.1.0
Statusactive
Date2026-03-17T21:02:03.8104715+00:00
NameExtensionResearchElementDefinition_Characteristic
TitleR4: What defines the members of the research element (new)
Realmuv
Authorityhl7
DescriptionR4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` (new:BackboneElement)
PurposeThis extension is part of the cross-version definitions generated to enable use of the element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` as defined in FHIR R4 in FHIR R5. The source element is defined as: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` 1..* `BackboneElement` Across FHIR versions, the element set has been mapped as: * R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` 1..* `BackboneElement` Following are the generation technical comments: Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped. Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).
TypeExtension
Kindcomplex-type

Resources that use this resource

ConceptMap
hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r5#0.1.0R4-ResearchElementDefinition-element-map-to-R5Cross-version mapping for FHIR R4 ResearchElementDefinition to FHIR R5 Basic
hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r3#0.1.0R4-ResearchElementDefinition-element-map-to-R3Cross-version mapping for FHIR R4 ResearchElementDefinition to FHIR STU3 Basic

Resources that this resource uses

StructureDefinition
hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r4b#0.1.0profile-ValueSetCross-version Profile for R4.ValueSet for use in FHIR R4B
ValueSet
hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r5#0.1.0R4-group-measure-for-R5Cross-version ValueSet R4.GroupMeasure for use in FHIR R5

Examples of Use for Extension

No extension usage examples found


Narrative

Note: links and images are rebased to the (stated) source

Generated Narrative: StructureDefinition ext-R4-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Extension 1..*Extension(5.0.0)R4: What defines the members of the research element (new)
... Slices for extension 1..*ExtensionExtension
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... extension:definition 1..1ExtensionR4: What code or expression defines members? (new)
..... url 1..1uri"definition"
..... value[x] 1..1What code or expression defines members?
...... valueCodeableConceptCodeableConcept
...... valueCanonicalcanonical(Cross-version Profile for R4.ValueSet for use in FHIR R5(0.1.0) | ValueSet)
...... valueExpressionExpression
...... valueDataRequirementDataRequirement
.... extension:usageContext 0..*ExtensionR4: What code/value pairs define members? (new)
..... url 1..1uri"usageContext"
..... value[x] 0..1UsageContextWhat code/value pairs define members?
.... extension:exclude 0..1ExtensionR4: Whether the characteristic includes or excludes members (new)
..... url 1..1uri"exclude"
..... value[x] 0..1booleanWhether the characteristic includes or excludes members
.... extension:unitOfMeasure 0..1ExtensionR4: What unit is the outcome described in? (new)
..... url 1..1uri"unitOfMeasure"
..... value[x] 0..1CodeableConceptWhat unit is the outcome described in?
.... extension:studyEffectiveDescription 0..1ExtensionR4: What time period does the study cover (new)
..... url 1..1uri"studyEffectiveDescription"
..... value[x] 0..1stringWhat time period does the study cover
.... extension:studyEffective 0..1ExtensionR4: What time period does the study cover (new)
..... url 1..1uri"studyEffective"
..... value[x] 0..1What time period does the study cover
...... valueDateTimedateTime
...... valuePeriodPeriod
...... valueDurationDuration
...... valueTimingTiming
.... extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart 0..1ExtensionR4: Observation time from study start (new)
..... url 1..1uri"studyEffectiveTimeFromStart"
..... value[x] 0..1DurationObservation time from study start
.... extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure 0..1ExtensionR4: mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median (new)
..... url 1..1uri"studyEffectiveGroupMeasure"
..... value[x] 0..1codemean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median
Binding: R4GroupMeasureForR5 (0.1.0) (required): Possible group measure aggregates (E.g. Mean, Median).
.... extension:participantEffectiveDescription 0..1ExtensionR4: What time period do participants cover (new)
..... url 1..1uri"participantEffectiveDescription"
..... value[x] 0..1stringWhat time period do participants cover
.... extension:participantEffective 0..1ExtensionR4: What time period do participants cover (new)
..... url 1..1uri"participantEffective"
..... value[x] 0..1What time period do participants cover
...... valueDateTimedateTime
...... valuePeriodPeriod
...... valueDurationDuration
...... valueTimingTiming
.... extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart 0..1ExtensionR4: Observation time from study start (new)
..... url 1..1uri"participantEffectiveTimeFromStart"
..... value[x] 0..1DurationObservation time from study start
.... extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure 0..1ExtensionR4: mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median (new)
..... url 1..1uri"participantEffectiveGroupMeasure"
..... value[x] 0..1codemean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median
Binding: R4GroupMeasureForR5 (0.1.0) (required): Possible group measure aggregates (E.g. Mean, Median).
... url 1..1uri"http://hl7.org/fhir/4.0/StructureDefinition/extension-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic"
... value[x] 0..0Value of extension

doco Documentation for this format

Source1

{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "ext-R4-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic",
  "text": {
    "status": "extensions",
    "div": "<!-- snip (see above) -->"
  },
  "extension": [
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg",
      "valueCode": "fhir"
    },
    {
      "extension": [
        {
          "url": "packageId",
          "valueId": "hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r5"
        },
        {
          "url": "version",
          "valueString": "0.1.0"
        },
        {
          "url": "uri",
          "valueUri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ImplementationGuide/hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r5"
        }
      ],
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/package-source"
    },
    {
      "extension": [
        {
          "url": "startFhirVersion",
          "valueCode": "5.0"
        },
        {
          "url": "endFhirVersion",
          "valueCode": "5.0"
        }
      ],
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/version-specific-use"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-type-characteristics",
      "valueCode": "can-bind"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm",
      "valueInteger": 0,
      "_valueInteger": {
        "extension": [
          {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-conformance-derivedFrom",
            "valueCanonical": "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ImplementationGuide/hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r5"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status",
      "valueCode": "trial-use",
      "_valueCode": {
        "extension": [
          {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-conformance-derivedFrom",
            "valueCanonical": "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ImplementationGuide/hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r4.r5"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/4.0/StructureDefinition/extension-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "name": "ExtensionResearchElementDefinition_Characteristic",
  "title": "R4: What defines the members of the research element (new)",
  "status": "active",
  "experimental": false,
  "date": "2026-03-17T21:02:03.8104715+00:00",
  "publisher": "FHIR Infrastructure",
  "contact": [
    {
      "name": "FHIR Infrastructure",
      "telecom": [
        {
          "system": "url",
          "value": "http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/fiwg"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "description": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` (new:BackboneElement)",
  "jurisdiction": [
    {
      "coding": [
        {
          "system": "http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm",
          "code": "001",
          "display": "World"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "purpose": "This extension is part of the cross-version definitions generated to enable use of the\r\nelement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` as defined in FHIR R4\r\nin FHIR R5.\r\n\r\nThe source element is defined as:\r\n`ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` 1..* `BackboneElement`\r\n\r\nAcross FHIR versions, the element set has been mapped as:\r\n*  R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` 1..* `BackboneElement`\r\n\r\nFollowing are the generation technical comments:\r\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
  "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
  "mapping": [
    {
      "identity": "rim",
      "uri": "http://hl7.org/v3",
      "name": "RIM Mapping"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "complex-type",
  "abstract": false,
  "context": [
    {
      "type": "element",
      "expression": "Basic"
    }
  ],
  "type": "Extension",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "snapshot": {
    "extension": [
      {
        "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/tools/StructureDefinition/snapshot-base-version",
        "valueString": "5.0.0"
      }
    ],
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Extension",
        "path": "Extension",
        "short": "R4: What defines the members of the research element (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` (new:BackboneElement)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).\nCharacteristics can be defined flexibly to accommodate different use cases for membership criteria, ranging from simple codes, all the way to using an expression language to express the criteria.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.id",
        "path": "Extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "ordered": false,
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Extension",
        "definition": "An Extension",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "definition",
        "short": "R4: What code or expression defines members? (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` (new:canonical(ValueSet), CodeableConcept, DataRequirement, Expression)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Need to be able to define members in simple codes when the membership aligns well with terminology, with common criteria such as observations in a value set or lab tests within a year, or with expression language to support criteria that do not fit in the above. Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "definition",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What code or expression defines members?",
        "definition": "Define members of the research element using Codes (such as condition, medication, or observation), Expressions ( using an expression language such as FHIRPath or CQL) or DataRequirements (such as Diabetes diagnosis onset in the last year).",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "canonical",
            "targetProfile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/4.0/StructureDefinition/profile-ValueSet|0.1.0",
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ValueSet|5.0.0"
            ]
          },
          {
            "code": "Expression"
          },
          {
            "code": "DataRequirement"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "usageContext",
        "short": "R4: What code/value pairs define members? (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` (new:UsageContext)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Need to be able to define members more structurally when more information can be communicated such as age range. Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "usageContext",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What code/value pairs define members?",
        "definition": "Use UsageContext to define the members of the population, such as Age Ranges, Genders, Settings.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "UsageContext"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "exclude",
        "short": "R4: Whether the characteristic includes or excludes members (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` (new:boolean)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "exclude",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "Whether the characteristic includes or excludes members",
        "definition": "When true, members with this characteristic are excluded from the element.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "unitOfMeasure",
        "short": "R4: What unit is the outcome described in? (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` (new:CodeableConcept)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "unitOfMeasure",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What unit is the outcome described in?",
        "definition": "Specifies the UCUM unit for the outcome.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffectiveDescription",
        "short": "R4: What time period does the study cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` (new:string)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "studyEffectiveDescription",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period does the study cover",
        "definition": "A narrative description of the time period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffective",
        "short": "R4: What time period does the study cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` (new:dateTime, Duration, Period, Timing)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "studyEffective",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period does the study cover",
        "definition": "Indicates what effective period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code": "Period"
          },
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          },
          {
            "code": "Timing"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "short": "R4: Observation time from study start (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` (new:Duration)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "studyEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "Observation time from study start",
        "definition": "Indicates duration from the study initiation.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "short": "R4: mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` (new:code)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "studyEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median",
        "definition": "Indicates how elements are aggregated within the study effective period.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "binding": {
          "strength": "required",
          "description": "Possible group measure aggregates (E.g. Mean, Median).",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ValueSet/R4-group-measure-for-R5|0.1.0"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffectiveDescription",
        "short": "R4: What time period do participants cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` (new:string)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "participantEffectiveDescription",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period do participants cover",
        "definition": "A narrative description of the time period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffective",
        "short": "R4: What time period do participants cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` (new:dateTime, Duration, Period, Timing)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "participantEffective",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period do participants cover",
        "definition": "Indicates what effective period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code": "Period"
          },
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          },
          {
            "code": "Timing"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "short": "R4: Observation time from study start (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` (new:Duration)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "participantEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "Observation time from study start",
        "definition": "Indicates duration from the participant's study entry.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "short": "R4: mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` (new:code)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure.id",
        "path": "Extension.extension.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "id"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "participantEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median",
        "definition": "Indicates how elements are aggregated within the study effective period.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "binding": {
          "strength": "required",
          "description": "Possible group measure aggregates (E.g. Mean, Median).",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ValueSet/R4-group-measure-for-R5|0.1.0"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.url",
        "path": "Extension.url",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "identifies the meaning of the extension",
        "definition": "Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.",
        "comment": "The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "uri"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "fixedUri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/4.0/StructureDefinition/extension-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic",
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.value[x]",
        "short": "Value of extension",
        "definition": "Value of extension - must be one of a constrained set of the data types (see [Extensibility](http://hl7.org/fhir/R5/extensibility.html) for a list).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "0",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "base64Binary"
          },
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          },
          {
            "code": "canonical"
          },
          {
            "code": "code"
          },
          {
            "code": "date"
          },
          {
            "code": "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code": "decimal"
          },
          {
            "code": "id"
          },
          {
            "code": "instant"
          },
          {
            "code": "integer"
          },
          {
            "code": "integer64"
          },
          {
            "code": "markdown"
          },
          {
            "code": "oid"
          },
          {
            "code": "positiveInt"
          },
          {
            "code": "string"
          },
          {
            "code": "time"
          },
          {
            "code": "unsignedInt"
          },
          {
            "code": "uri"
          },
          {
            "code": "url"
          },
          {
            "code": "uuid"
          },
          {
            "code": "Address"
          },
          {
            "code": "Age"
          },
          {
            "code": "Annotation"
          },
          {
            "code": "Attachment"
          },
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "CodeableReference"
          },
          {
            "code": "Coding"
          },
          {
            "code": "ContactPoint"
          },
          {
            "code": "Count"
          },
          {
            "code": "Distance"
          },
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          },
          {
            "code": "HumanName"
          },
          {
            "code": "Identifier"
          },
          {
            "code": "Money"
          },
          {
            "code": "Period"
          },
          {
            "code": "Quantity"
          },
          {
            "code": "Range"
          },
          {
            "code": "Ratio"
          },
          {
            "code": "RatioRange"
          },
          {
            "code": "Reference"
          },
          {
            "code": "SampledData"
          },
          {
            "code": "Signature"
          },
          {
            "code": "Timing"
          },
          {
            "code": "ContactDetail"
          },
          {
            "code": "DataRequirement"
          },
          {
            "code": "Expression"
          },
          {
            "code": "ParameterDefinition"
          },
          {
            "code": "RelatedArtifact"
          },
          {
            "code": "TriggerDefinition"
          },
          {
            "code": "UsageContext"
          },
          {
            "code": "Availability"
          },
          {
            "code": "ExtendedContactDetail"
          },
          {
            "code": "Dosage"
          },
          {
            "code": "Meta"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ext-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element|5.0.0"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": false,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Extension",
        "path": "Extension",
        "short": "R4: What defines the members of the research element (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` (new:BackboneElement)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).\nCharacteristics can be defined flexibly to accommodate different use cases for membership criteria, ranging from simple codes, all the way to using an expression language to express the criteria.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "isModifier": false
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "ordered": false,
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "min": 1,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "definition",
        "short": "R4: What code or expression defines members? (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` (new:canonical(ValueSet), CodeableConcept, DataRequirement, Expression)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Need to be able to define members in simple codes when the membership aligns well with terminology, with common criteria such as observations in a value set or lab tests within a year, or with expression language to support criteria that do not fit in the above. Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.definition[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "definition"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:definition.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What code or expression defines members?",
        "definition": "Define members of the research element using Codes (such as condition, medication, or observation), Expressions ( using an expression language such as FHIRPath or CQL) or DataRequirements (such as Diabetes diagnosis onset in the last year).",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "canonical",
            "targetProfile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/4.0/StructureDefinition/profile-ValueSet|0.1.0",
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ValueSet|5.0.0"
            ]
          },
          {
            "code": "Expression"
          },
          {
            "code": "DataRequirement"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "usageContext",
        "short": "R4: What code/value pairs define members? (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` (new:UsageContext)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Need to be able to define members more structurally when more information can be communicated such as age range. Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.usageContext` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "usageContext"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:usageContext.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What code/value pairs define members?",
        "definition": "Use UsageContext to define the members of the population, such as Age Ranges, Genders, Settings.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "UsageContext"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "exclude",
        "short": "R4: Whether the characteristic includes or excludes members (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` (new:boolean)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.exclude` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "exclude"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:exclude.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "Whether the characteristic includes or excludes members",
        "definition": "When true, members with this characteristic are excluded from the element.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "unitOfMeasure",
        "short": "R4: What unit is the outcome described in? (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` (new:CodeableConcept)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.unitOfMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "unitOfMeasure"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:unitOfMeasure.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What unit is the outcome described in?",
        "definition": "Specifies the UCUM unit for the outcome.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffectiveDescription",
        "short": "R4: What time period does the study cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` (new:string)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "studyEffectiveDescription"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveDescription.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period does the study cover",
        "definition": "A narrative description of the time period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffective",
        "short": "R4: What time period does the study cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` (new:dateTime, Duration, Period, Timing)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "studyEffective"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffective.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period does the study cover",
        "definition": "Indicates what effective period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code": "Period"
          },
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          },
          {
            "code": "Timing"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "short": "R4: Observation time from study start (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` (new:Duration)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "studyEffectiveTimeFromStart"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveTimeFromStart.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "Observation time from study start",
        "definition": "Indicates duration from the study initiation.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "studyEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "short": "R4: mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` (new:code)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.studyEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "studyEffectiveGroupMeasure"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:studyEffectiveGroupMeasure.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median",
        "definition": "Indicates how elements are aggregated within the study effective period.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "strength": "required",
          "description": "Possible group measure aggregates (E.g. Mean, Median).",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ValueSet/R4-group-measure-for-R5|0.1.0"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffectiveDescription",
        "short": "R4: What time period do participants cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` (new:string)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveDescription` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "participantEffectiveDescription"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveDescription.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period do participants cover",
        "definition": "A narrative description of the time period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffective",
        "short": "R4: What time period do participants cover (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` (new:dateTime, Duration, Period, Timing)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffective[x]` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "participantEffective"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffective.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "What time period do participants cover",
        "definition": "Indicates what effective period the study covers.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code": "Period"
          },
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          },
          {
            "code": "Timing"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffectiveTimeFromStart",
        "short": "R4: Observation time from study start (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` (new:Duration)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveTimeFromStart` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "participantEffectiveTimeFromStart"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveTimeFromStart.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "Observation time from study start",
        "definition": "Indicates duration from the participant's study entry.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Duration"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "path": "Extension.extension",
        "sliceName": "participantEffectiveGroupMeasure",
        "short": "R4: mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median (new)",
        "definition": "R4: `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` (new:code)",
        "comment": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "requirements": "Element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is part of an existing definition because parent element `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic` requires a cross-version extension.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` is not mapped to FHIR R5, since FHIR R4 `ResearchElementDefinition` is not mapped.\nElement `ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic.participantEffectiveGroupMeasure` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure.url",
        "path": "Extension.extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "participantEffectiveGroupMeasure"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.extension:participantEffectiveGroupMeasure.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.extension.value[x]",
        "short": "mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median",
        "definition": "Indicates how elements are aggregated within the study effective period.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "strength": "required",
          "description": "Possible group measure aggregates (E.g. Mean, Median).",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ValueSet/R4-group-measure-for-R5|0.1.0"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.url",
        "path": "Extension.url",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.url",
          "min": 1,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "fixedUri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/4.0/StructureDefinition/extension-ResearchElementDefinition.characteristic"
      },
      {
        "id": "Extension.value[x]",
        "path": "Extension.value[x]",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "0",
        "base": {
          "path": "Extension.value[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}